a,b and c are options to enforce data integrity not to speed up queries, i think the correct answers are d and e. if we have a good physical data model in an good storage array configuration we can think of good performance.
A. defining primary keys for all tables to speed up all queries
B. using check constraints to speed up updates
C. defining foreign keys for all tables to speed up joins
D. the physical data model
E. the configuration of storage arrays
>> I believe D & E.
D - is to do with design the tablespace, partitions etc..
E - is to do with storage layout, that RAID levels e.g. 5 to keep data with high read IO. 1+0 for better write.
https://docs.oracle.com/en/database/oracle/oracle-database/19/tgdba/IO-configuration-and-design.html#GUID-96CEF863-67AC-47BE-8834-8AB42864FC6E
A good physical model will consider A, B and C options.
D, E. As stated, not all tables will have a, b, and c. Per https://docs.oracle.com/en/database/oracle/oracle-database/19/tgdba/IO-configuration-and-design.html#GUID-96CEF863-67AC-47BE-8834-8AB42864FC6E:
Every Oracle database reads or writes data on disk, thus generating disk I/O. The performance of many software applications is inherently limited by disk I/O. Applications that spend majority of their CPU time waiting for I/O activity to complete are said to be I/O-bound. Additionally, a solid physical model will map out where and what is needed: The Physical Data Model of the Oracle Communications Data Model is the physical manifestation of the logical data model into database tables and relationships (or foreign key constraints). Partitions, indexes, and Materialized Views have been added to aid performance. (https://docs.oracle.com/cd/E84720_01/CDMRF/physical-data-model.htm#CDMRF717)
What is Oracle data model?
The Physical Data Model of the Oracle Communications Data Model is the physical manifestation of the logical data model into database tables and relationships (or foreign key constraints). Partitions, indexes, and Materialized Views have been added to aid performance.
so : D and E
"However, it is possible to make a sensible start by building indexes that enforce primary key constraints and indexes on known access patterns, such as a person's name."
"I/O Subsystem
The I/O subsystem can vary between the hard disk on a client PC and high performance disk arrays. Disk arrays can perform thousands of I/Os each second and provide availability through redundancy in terms of multiple I/O paths and hot pluggable mirrored disks. "
So I think A-E are quite viable answers after all, especially because the question asks what facet you should always "consider", which doesn't mean you should necessarily implement them all blindly.
From: https://docs.oracle.com/cd/B28359_01/server.111/b28274/design.htm#CJHCJIDB
A,E is correct:
C - defining foreign keys not include an automatic index creation, therefore the foreign key can't have an index
D- physical data model is a graphical schemas of table and relation
What does it mean more exactly "the physical data model"? DB Block?
Better sounds the answer with "the configuration of storage arrays " than "the physical data model " :)
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