its just a kind of label. you can use any word in that place.
some popular usage are ftp, database processing etc.
Code:
ftp -inv $host << FTP ## start of label, below command will be treated as ftp command not the shell commans
user $user $passwd
bin
put $file
bye
FTP # end of ftp commands
ls ## shell commands again
https://www.unix.com/shell-programming-and-scripting/128056-command-eot.html
with
EOT [enter]
you start an input of text. you'll get a new line to type your text and can add lines by pressing enter. afterwards you close the input with another EOT that will output the whole text in between those EOTs.
the cat << will put that output into your shell, like a print
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