Suggested Answer:Explanation🗳️
Remember the term Public-Key Certificate is synonymous with Digital Certificate or Identity certificate. The certificate itself provides the binding but it is the certificate authority who will go through the Certificate Practice Statements (CPS) actually validating the bindings and vouch for the identity of the owner of the key within the certificate. As explained in Wikipedia: In cryptography, a public key certificate (also known as a digital certificate or identity certificate) is an electronic document which uses a digital signature to bind together a public key with an identity information such as the name of a person or an organization, their address, and so forth. The certificate can be used to verify that a public key belongs to an individual. In a typical public key infrastructure (PKI) scheme, the signature will be of a certificate authority (CA). In a web of trust scheme such as PGP or GPG, the signature is of either the user (a self-signed certificate) or other users ("endorsements") by getting people to sign each other keys. In either case, the signatures on a certificate are attestations by the certificate signer that the identity information and the public key belong together. RFC 2828 defines the certification authority (CA) as: An entity that issues digital certificates (especially X.509 certificates) and vouches for the binding between the data items in a certificate. An authority trusted by one or more users to create and assign certificates. Optionally, the certification authority may create the user's keys. X509 Certificate users depend on the validity of information provided by a certificate. Thus, a CA should be someone that certificate users trust, and usually holds an official position created and granted power by a government, a corporation, or some other organization. A CA is responsible for managing the life cycle of certificates and, depending on the type of certificate and the CPS that applies, may be responsible for the life cycle of key pairs associated with the certificates Source: SHIREY, Robert W., RFC2828: Internet Security Glossary, may 2000. and http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_key_certificate
A. A public-key certificate
A public-key certificate, often simply called a certificate, binds a subject's name (such as an individual or entity) to a public key value. It provides a means of verifying that a given public key indeed belongs to the entity claimed in the certificate. Public-key certificates are a fundamental component of public key infrastructure (PKI) systems and play a critical role in secure communication, digital signatures, and identity verification on the internet and in various secure systems.
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