Exam CISSP topic 1 question 414 discussion

According to OSG 10, Vulnerability Management Workflow: 1) Detection - The initial identification of a vulnerability normally takes place as the result of a vulnerability scan 2) Validation 3) Remediation

Vulnerability discovery starts with scanning and there are many factors that can affect the result from a scanning website. Credential/ non credeantial/ agentbase / agentless/ active san and the rest.

Answer: Detection Detection is the process of identifying and determining the presence of hosts or systems on a network. In this case, the client claims that the host's operating system (OS) was not properly detected. As a result, the vulnerabilities listed in the report may not be accurate because they could be based on incorrect information about the host's OS. To perform an accurate vulnerability assessment, it is crucial to correctly identify and detect the hosts and their operating systems. This information is essential for accurately identifying vulnerabilities and determining the appropriate security measures. If the detection process fails to correctly identify the host's OS, it can lead to inaccurate vulnerability assessments and reports. The vulnerabilities listed may not be valid for the host's actual operating system, leading to potential misunderstandings or false assumptions about the security posture.

Scanning: Identify OS, open ports, etc Enumeration: Enumerate, accounts, services found Detection: Define vulnerabilities found CVE... Report: Write findings

Scanning: Identify OS, open ports, etc Enumeration: Enumerate, accounts, services found Detection: Define vulnerabilities found CVE... Report: Write findings

D - per this site (https://www.intruder.io/guides/vulnerability-assessment-made-simple-a-step-by-step-guide) and a few others I've found, detection is NOT the name of a phase in the vulnerability assessment process (technicality).

B. Detection

Detection involves identifying and recognizing the existence of systems, devices, or hosts on a network, including their attributes and characteristics such as the operating system. In this scenario, if the host's operating system was not properly detected, it could lead to inaccuracies in the vulnerability assessment report. The vulnerabilities reported might be incorrect or irrelevant if they were based on an incorrect or incomplete understanding of the operating system running on the host. Accurate detection of the operating system is crucial for properly assessing and identifying vulnerabilities specific to that OS.

I think B B is include D

For sure it is B, there is no scanning in vulnerabilities management flow but detection. quoted from OSG9 P742. Vulnerability Management Workflow Organizations that adopt a vulnerability management system should also develop a workflow approach to managing vulnerabilities. The basic steps in this workflow should include the following: 1. Detection: The initial identification of a vulnerability normally takes place as the result of a vulnerability scan. 2. Validation: Once a scanner detects a vulnerability, administrators should confirm the vulnerability to determine that it is not a false positive report. 3. Remediation: Validated vulnerabilities should then be remediated. This may include applying a vendor-supplied security patch, modifying a device configuration, implementing a workaround to avoid the vulnerability, or installing a web application firewall or other control that prevents the exploitation of the vulnerability.

detection includes scanning

Scanning is part of a vulnerability assessment.

The error most likely occurred in the scanning phase of the vulnerability assessment process, where the host's operating system was not properly detected. The accuracy of the vulnerability assessment report heavily depends on the quality of the scanning process, and if the scanning tool used was unable to detect the operating system, it might have failed to identify vulnerabilities specific to that operating system. Therefore, it is essential to ensure that the scanning tool used is capable of properly identifying the host operating system.

I go with D Detection is a possible answer as the accuracy of the vulnerability assessment report depends on the correct detection of systems and applications in the environment. However, the detection phase typically refers to the initial discovery of systems and applications in the environment, which is usually performed using network scanning tools or manual reconnaissance techniques. In this case, the client is specifically referring to the OS of a host which would typically be identified during the scanning phase not the detection phase.