When hashing is used on a file, it is considered a preventive control. Preventive controls are designed to stop an incident or violation from occurring. In this case, hashing is used to ensure the integrity of the file by generating a hash value (a fixed-size string of characters) based on the content of the file. If the file is altered in any way, the hash value will change, indicating potential tampering.
The use of hashing in this context is a preventive measure to help prevent unauthorized changes to the confidential file and maintain its integrity during transmission or storage.
D is answer. Preventive Control: Controls that proactively block or prevent threats or attacks. For example, security technologies such as firewalls and encryption are preventive controls.
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