A domain ID is a unique number that
is provided to each switch in the fabric. The area ID is used to identify a group of
switch ports that are used for connecting nodes.
"A domain ID is a unique number provided to each switch in the fabric. Although this is an 8-bit field, there are only 239 available addresses for domain ID because some addresses are deemed special and reserved for fabric management services. For example, FFFFFC is reserved for the name server, and FFFFFE is reserved for the fabric login service. <<The area ID is used to identify a group of switch ports >> used for connecting nodes. An example of a group of ports with a common area ID is a port card on the switch. The last field, the port ID, identifies the port within the group."
Information Storage and Management . Wiley. Kindle Edition.
For an N_port (Node Port), the first field in the address contains an 8-bit Domain ID field. Keep in mind, 239 of the possible Domain IDs are available for corporate use, while the rest are reserved. Following the Domain ID is an 8-bit Area ID, and then an 8-bit Port ID. The area ID is used to identify a group of F_ports (Fabric Ports), while the Port ID is used to identify the F_port within the group.
https://www.cbtnuggets.com/blog/technology/data/storage-mastery-fc-architecture
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