ENCORE 350-401, Chapter 15, Pg 396, section "Network Time Protocol", paragraph 2:
"NTP servers that are directly attached to an authoritative time source are stratum 1 servers"
Answer is B, quote taken directly from the book
Although in real-world you wouldn't find a stratum 0 NTP server you could connect to, you could specify any server as stratum 0 which would make it authoritative (no server better than me).
Question though asks what the stratum would be for a server CONNECTED to an Authoritative server, where we can assume the authoritative server was configured as stratum 0, whether that's realistic or not.
rlilewis is correct.
Stratum 0
A reference clock source that relays Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) and has little or no delay is known as a Stratum 0 device. Stratum 0 servers cannot be used on the network. Instead, they are directly connected to computers that then operate as primary time servers.
A would be correct if the server IS the authoritative server.
But here the question asks about the server that is CONNECTED to the authoritative server, so stratum can't be 0, has to be 1 or higher, higher if the authoritative server was set as a stratum level of 13 or 14.
B is correct.
NTP uses the concept of a stratum to describe how many NTP hops away a machine is from an authoritative time source. A stratum 1 time server typically has an authoritative time source (such as a radio or atomic clock, or a Global Positioning System (GPS) time source) directly attached, a stratum 2 time server receives its time via NTP from a stratum 1 time server, and so on.
should be A: 0
The NTP Stratum Model
The NTP Stratum model is a representation of the hierarchy of time servers in an NTP network, where the Stratum level (0-15) indicates the device's distance to the reference clock.
Stratum 0 means a device is directly connected to e.g., a GPS antenna. Stratum 0 devices cannot distribute time over a network directly, though, hence they must be linked to a Stratum 1 time server that will distribute time to Stratum 2 servers or clients, and so on. The higher the Stratum number, the more the timing accuracy and stability degrades.
The NTP protocol does not allow clients to accept time from a Stratum 15 device, hence Stratum 15 is the lowest NTP Stratum.
http://manuals.spectracom.com/SS/Content/_Global/Topics/NTP/NTP_Stratums.htm#:~:text=The%20NTP%20Stratum%20model%20is,to%20e.g.%2C%20a%20GPS%20antenna.
NTP servers that are directly attached to an
authoritative time source are stratum 1 servers.-FROM OFFICIAL CERT GUIDE.FYI
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