By publishing VPC flow logs to CloudWatch Logs and creating metric filters to detect RDP or SSH access, the operations team can configure an CloudWatch metric alarm to notify them when the alarm is triggered. This will provide the desired notification when RDP or SSH access to an environment is established. Option A is incorrect because CloudWatch Application Insights is not designed for detecting RDP or SSH access. Option B is also incorrect because configuring an IAM instance profile with the AmazonSSMManagedInstanceCore policy does not directly address the requirement of notifying the operations team when RDP or SSH access occurs. Option D is wrong beacuse configuring an EventBridge rule to listen for EC2 Instance State-change Notification events and using an SNS topic as a target will notify the operations team about changes in the instance state, such as starting or stopping instances. However, it does not specifically detect or notify when RDP or SSH access is established, which is the requirement stated in the question.

https://aws.amazon.com/blogs/security/how-to-monitor-and-visualize-failed-ssh-access-attempts-to-amazon-ec2-linux-instances/

See https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/monitoring-instance-state-changes.html

C sounds complex, but is the only answer that can work. Not A - Application Insights has nothing to do with SSH/RDP access to the OS; also we need a notification, not an OpsItem Not B - Just attaching a role does not create a notification Not D - Establishing SSH/RDP access is not a "state change" that would trigger this

A bit clueless here. AWS-recommended approach involves the CloudWatch Logs Agent on each EC2 instance, but that is not involved in any of the answers. A: Sounds good at first read, but "CloudWatch Application Insights" cannot detect RDP or SSH access. B: Would allow RDP or SSH access via Systems Manager, but would NOT prevent access without Systems Manager; also we'd need to configure notifications in Systems Manager which is not mentioned here.

https://docs.aws.amazon.com/vpc/latest/userguide/flow-logs-records-examples.html#flow-log-example-accepted-rejected Adding this to support that VPC flow logs can be used to cvapture Accepted or Rejected SSH and RDP traffic.

Publish VPC flow logs to Amazon CloudWatch Logs. Create required metric filters. Create an Amazon CloudWatch metric alarm with a notification action for when the alarm is in the ALARM state

VPC Flow Logs is a feature that enables you to capture information about the IP traffic going to and from network interfaces in your VPC. Flow log data can be published to the following locations: Amazon CloudWatch Logs, Amazon S3, or Amazon Kinesis Data Firehose. After you create a flow log, you can retrieve and view the flow log records in the log group, bucket, or delivery stream that you configured. Flow logs can help you with a number of tasks, such as: Diagnosing overly restrictive security group rules Monitoring the traffic that is reaching your instance Determining the direction of the traffic to and from the network interfaces Ref link: https://docs.aws.amazon.com/vpc/latest/userguide/flow-logs.html

seems like c: https://aws.amazon.com/tr/blogs/security/how-to-monitor-and-visualize-failed-ssh-access-attempts-to-amazon-ec2-linux-instances/

D. Configure an Amazon EventBridge rule to listen for events of type EC2 Instance State-change Notification. Configure an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic as a target. Subscribe the operations team to the topic. This setup allows the EventBridge rule to capture instance state change events, such as when RDP or SSH access is established. The rule can then send notifications to the specified SNS topic, which is subscribed by the operations team.

C: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KAe3Eju59OU

https://aws.amazon.com/blogs/security/how-to-monitor-and-visualize-failed-ssh-access-attempts-to-amazon-ec2-linux-instances/

A. Configuring Amazon CloudWatch Application Insights to create AWS Systems Manager OpsItems when RDP or SSH access is detected would be the most appropriate solution in this scenario. This would allow the operations team to be notified when RDP or SSH access has been established and provide them with the necessary information to take action if needed. Additionally, Amazon CloudWatch Application Insights would allow for monitoring and troubleshooting of the system in real-time.

EC2 Instance State-change Notifications are not the same as RDP or SSH established connection notifications. Use Amazon CloudWatch Logs to monitor SSH access to your Amazon EC2 Linux instances so that you can monitor rejected (or established) SSH connection requests and take action.

The Answer can be A or C depending on the requirement if it requires real-time notification. A: Allows the operations team to be notified in real-time when access is established, and also provides visibility into the access events through the OpsItems. C: The logs will need to be analyzed and metric filters applied to detect access, and then the alarm will trigger based on that analysis. This method could have a delay in providing notifications. Thus, not the best solution if real-time notification is required. Why not D: RDP or SSH access does not cause an EC2 instance to have a state change. The state change events that Amazon EventBridge can listen for include stopping, starting, and terminated instances, which do not apply to RDP or SSH access. But RDP or SSH connection to an EC2 instance does generate an event in the system, such as a log entry which can be used to notify the Operation team. Since its a log, you would require a service that monitors logs like CloudTrail, VPC Flow logs, or AWS Systems Manager Session Manager.

It's C fam. RDP or SSH connections won't change the state of the EC2 instance, so D doesn't make sense.

D. Configure an Amazon EventBridge rule to listen for events of type EC2 Instance State-change Notification. Configure an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic as a target. Subscribe the operations team to the topic. EC2 instances sends events to the EventBridge when state change occurs, such as when a new RDP or SSH connection is established, you can use EventBridge to configure a rule that listens for these events and trigger an action, like sending an email or SMS, when the connection is detected. The operations team can be notified by subscribing to the Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic, which can be configured as the target of the EventBridge rule.