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You have launched an EC2 instance with four (4) 500 GB EBS Provisioned IOPS volumes attached. The EC2 instance is EBS-Optimized and supports 500 Mbps throughput between EC2 and EBS. The four EBS volumes are configured as a single RAID 0 device, and each Provisioned IOPS volume is provisioned with 4,000
IOPS (4,000 16KB reads or writes), for a total of 16,000 random IOPS on the instance. The EC2 instance initially delivers the expected 16,000 IOPS random read and write performance. Sometime later, in order to increase the total random I/O performance of the instance, you add an additional two 500 GB EBS Provisioned
IOPS volumes to the RAID. Each volume is provisioned to 4,000 IOPs like the original four, for a total of 24,000 IOPS on the EC2 instance. Monitoring shows that the EC2 instance CPU utilization increased from 50% to 70%, but the total random IOPS measured at the instance level does not increase at all.
What is the problem and a valid solution?

  • A. The EBS-Optimized throughput limits the total IOPS that can be utilized; use an EBSOptimized instance that provides larger throughput.
  • B. Small block sizes cause performance degradation, limiting the I/O throughput; configure the instance device driver and filesystem to use 64KB blocks to increase throughput.
  • C. The standard EBS Instance root volume limits the total IOPS rate; change the instance root volume to also be a 500GB 4,000 Provisioned IOPS volume.
  • D. Larger storage volumes support higher Provisioned IOPS rates; increase the provisioned volume storage of each of the 6 EBS volumes to 1TB.
  • E. RAID 0 only scales linearly to about 4 devices; use RAID 0 with 4 EBS Provisioned IOPS volumes, but increase each Provisioned IOPS EBS volume to 6,000 IOPS.
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Suggested Answer: A 🗳️

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lulz111
Highly Voted 3 years ago
I think the key here is 16,000 IOPS was working fine, then when adding more disks (IOPS) it didnt go any higher. As noted at the link[1] GP2 and GP3 max out at 16000 IOPS per volume. To go beyond this (64000 IOPS)we need to use IO1/IO2/IO2 Block Express, which should be used with EBS optimised instances [2]. Therefore the instance is our bottleneck, and should be changed (Answer A). [1]https://aws.amazon.com/ebs/volume-types/ [2]https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/ebs-optimized.html
upvoted 5 times
FAB1975
2 years, 4 months ago
Double checked and yes spot on
upvoted 1 times
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Mr_AQ
Most Recent 1 day, 7 hours ago
Selected Answer: A
A. The EBS-Optimized throughput limits the total IOPS that can be utilized; use an EBS-Optimized instance that provides larger throughput. Why this is correct: - The current EBS-Optimized instance has a throughput limit of 500 Mbps, which caps the maximum IOPS at ~3,906. - Upgrading to an instance type with higher EBS-Optimized throughput (e.g., 1,000 Mbps or more) will allow the RAID 0 configuration to utilize the full provisioned IOPS (24,000 IOPS).
upvoted 1 times
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amministrazione
5 months, 3 weeks ago
A. The EBS-Optimized throughput limits the total IOPS that can be utilized; use an EBSOptimized instance that provides larger throughput.
upvoted 1 times
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tutrieuchau
6 months ago
A is wrong answer because 24000IOPS with 4kb blocksize is 240000 * 4bk ~ 384Mbps throughput, the EC2 allow 500Mbps so the number A is wrong.
upvoted 1 times
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kelmryan1
9 months, 1 week ago
the answer is B https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/ebs-optimized.html you can provision the optimized EBS
upvoted 1 times
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devilman222
10 months ago
It's A as described several times. Why are so many answers wrong such as this one that marks B as the correct answer.
upvoted 1 times
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Tarila79
1 year, 8 months ago
Selected Answer: A
The EBS-Optimized throughput limits the total IOPS that can be utilized, so using an EBS-Optimized instance that provides larger throughput would help increase the total random I/O performance. By using an instance type that supports higher EBS-Optimized throughput, we can utilize the increased number of EBS volumes and achieve the desired IOPS performance.
upvoted 2 times
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sr987654
1 year, 11 months ago
Selected Answer: A
lulz111 explained it below
upvoted 1 times
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TigerInTheCloud
2 years, 2 months ago
Selected Answer: A
A: The EBS-optimized instance has the limits of throughput and IOPS per instance. The behavior description shows the instance IOPS reaches the limit of the instance. larger Instance is needed (https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/ebs-optimized.html) B: If the throughput limited the IOPS, the smaller block size should be used. C: Does not make any sense. D: not true for provisioned EBS (io1 or io2) E: not true for RAID.
upvoted 1 times
dqwsmwwvtgxwkvgcvc
1 year, 5 months ago
https://aws.amazon.com/blogs/modernizing-with-aws/do-aws-customers-benefit-from-64kb-block-size-for-sql-server/ Not sure if this is related to answer B
upvoted 1 times
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Pigi_102
2 years, 3 months ago
Is there such thing as an "EBSoptimized" vs an "EBS-Optimized" ? I can't find any reference. They sound as the same thing to me.
upvoted 2 times
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sjpd10
2 years, 3 months ago
A. Use an EBSOptimized instance with higher throughput
upvoted 1 times
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davideccc
2 years, 5 months ago
Selected Answer: A
a correct
upvoted 1 times
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Murtazaarif
2 years, 9 months ago
Selected Answer: A
A is correct
upvoted 1 times
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jj22222
2 years, 10 months ago
Selected Answer: A
A. The EBS-Optimized throughput limits the total IOPS that can be utilized; use an EBSOptimized instance that provides larger throughput.
upvoted 2 times
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RVivek
3 years, 1 month ago
A is correct small block size will not limit IOPS count, it will only limit the effective through put . Hence if there was no limit on the instance type the IOPS should have increased
upvoted 1 times
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Akhil254
3 years, 3 months ago
A Correct
upvoted 1 times
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backfringe
3 years, 3 months ago
I go with A
upvoted 1 times
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